Revealed above all by its miniatures, Persian painting is one of the great little-known arts in the history of the arts. Nonetheless seducing a large audience thanks to her brilliant colors, her unusual compositions, her passion for details and the fantasy of her subjects, she has, with good reason, been compared to French or Burgundian miniatures of the end of the Middle Ages and, in the 20th century, it has attracted the attention of Matisse and Kandinsky. The aim of this book is to outline the great periods of this painting, to identify the main themes of his images and to propose a theory of his aesthetics. But above all, it is an introduction which should allow students and all art lovers to know where to find his great masterpieces and how to grasp a scholarly literature that is sometimes difficult to access.